Efficiency of Urban Streets Planning and Designing an Evaluatory Framework and Integrated Approach

Abstract

Due to rapid urbanization, cities across the world are increasing day by day. More than 2/3 of the world s population will be living in cities by 2050. No. of megacities will increase from 28 in 2018 to 43 by 2030. The increasing no of megacities will lead to social, economic, environmental, and Infrastructure consequences. Urbanization is the coupling of new urbanism and sustainable transportation. Where new urbanization leads to population expansion, economic development, change in urban forms, and land use mode change, on the other hand, sustainable transportation leads to the resident travel behavior, predominant transport means selection and construction of transport infrastructure. newlineBefore World War II the towns were built on a human scale and were pedestrian- oriented, in the past 60 years the decentralization and automobile-dependent development has led to auto-oriented land-use policies and sprawling development patterns had led to the unbalanced transportation system. newlineUnbalanced transportation causes impacts on community livability, safety problems, and issues of transport equality, Economic degradation, Environmental concerns, disconnected transportation networks, and unsegregated zoning uses. newlineTransportation is one of the major land uses occupying 20% of the land in the master plan. In October 2016, the Quito deceleration happened intending to have safe, affordable, and accessible urban mobility for all users, by integrating transport and mobility options. SDG in 2015, created 17 goals to achieve sustainable development, out of which the 2 goals i.e. goal 3, 9, and 11 are to create safe, affordable, and accessible transportation for all. newlineStreet design and the mode of transportation are the two main factors for sustainable city planning. Streets are directly linked to Climate change through gas emissions, a rising no of cars, and fatalities due to road accidents.