Structural and mechanistic investigations of histone like dna binding protein of helicobacter pylori

Abstract

newline Majority of the infectious diseases along with those perpetuated by the drug newlineresistant pathogens take up second position in the list of leading causes of death newlineworldwide [1]. Due to the continual emergence and re- emergence of new and newlinealready reported diseases, respectively, there is constant concern regarding health newlineissues worldwide. According to a report by WHO, (1999) [2], total 53.9 million newlinedeaths were reported in year 1998, cardiovascular diseases were responsible for newlinenearly 31 % of deaths , a quarter of deaths (25%) were by infectious diseases, around newline13 % were result of various types of cancers, 11 % were due to the injuries caused to newlinepatient, 9 % deaths are caused by respiratory or digestive diseases whereas the newlineremaining 11 % deaths were due to other diseases including diseases from maternal newlinepedigree. A report in 2009 mentioned [3] that around 20% of the diseases are newlineoutcome of the infections originated due to bacteria, viral elements and parasites. newlineAmong bacteria, H. pylori was the foremost bacterium to be linked to a human newlinecancer, and after almost 20 years of its discovery, in 1994, the International Agency newlinefor Research on Cancer (IARC) classified H. pylori as a Classand#8208;I carcinogen [4] and newlinedeclared that H. pylori infected individuals have at least six fold greater risk of newlinedeveloping gastric cancer (GC) than those not carrying the infection [5]. newlineHelicobacter pylori, formerly known as Campylobacter pylori, has newlinemorphological dimensions as 3 µm long and 0.5 µm in diameter. It is a Gramnegative, micro-aerophilic bacteria that is part of the gastric microbiota in over 50% newlineof population worldwide [6, 7]. H. pylori is flagellated rod like bacterium with newlinesomewhat helical orientation [7]. It is highly motile due to lophotrichous (multiple newlinepolar) flagella [8, 9]. This organism is genotypically positive for enzymes like newlineurease, catalase and oxidase. Most of the H. pylori strains harbour additional newlinevirulence factors like Vac A and Cag A, evolved as arsenal to affect host cell newlinesignalling pathways. Phylo