In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity Cytotoxicity and Antityphoidal Potential of Enicostemma Species from Marathwada

Abstract

The present study investigates the in vivo and in vitro hepatoprotective, newlinecytotoxic, and antityphoidal properties of Enicostemma species collected from the newlineMarathwada region of Maharashtra, India. Traditionally used in folk medicine for newlinevarious ailments, Enicostemma species are gaining attention for their rich newlinephytochemical profile and pharmacological potential. Methanolic and aqueous extracts newlineof the aerial parts were subjected to phytochemical screening, followed by biological newlineassays. The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated using a carbon tetrachloride (CCland#8324;)- newlineinduced liver injury model in Wistar rats, with biochemical parameters (SGOT, SGPT, newlineALP, and bilirubin) and histopathological changes serving as key indicators. newlineCytotoxicity was assessed via MTT assay on normal and cancerous cell lines to newlinedetermine the safety margin and potential anticancer activity. The antityphoidal efficacy newlinewas examined using Salmonella typhi strains through disc diffusion and MIC newlinedetermination methods. Results demonstrated significant hepatoprotective activity, with newlineextracts showing normalization of liver enzyme levels and tissue architecture. Moderate newlinecytotoxic effects were observed, suggesting selective activity. The extracts also newlineexhibited considerable antibacterial activity against S. typhi, indicating potential as an newlinealternative therapeutic agent. This study supports the ethnomedicinal relevance of newlineEnicostemma species and highlights their promise as a source of hepatoprotective and newlineantityphoidal agents with minimal cytotoxicity newline