Development and Evaluation of in Situ Gelling System for the Treatment of Periodontitis

Abstract

. Results and discussion: From preliminary trials, gellan gum as an ion activated gelling agent and poloxamer 407 as a temperature activated gelling agent were used in combination to prepared ion sensitive and temperature sensitive periodontal in situ gel. Based on maximum desirability and cost effectiveness formulation containing 1.32% w/v of gellan gum and 10% w/v of poloxamer 407 was consider as an optimized batch. In this study, the release profile depends on the concentration of gellan gum and poloxamer 407. The selected formulation showed sustained release for the period of 24 hr thus showing increased residence and contact time. Sterility testing was carried out on an optimized formulation and was found to be sterile. The kinetics release study of optimized formulation indicated non-Fickian behavior. Mucoadhesive force of optimized formulation was found to be 0.3136 N which indicated good adhesion. The in vitro antibacterial activity studies for gel revealed that the drug released exceeded the MIC against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 11949 and E.coli MTCC 10312 than the pure drug solution. Clinical evaluation of in situ gel containing showed significant improvement in chronic periodontitis patients, manifested by decrease in pocket depth, gingival index, bleeding index, and plaque index. Stability studies of optimized formulation indicated that the formulation was stable up to 6 months. Conclusion: The developed tinidazole in situ gel system is a novel approach for the treatment of chronic periodontitis since it reduces the dose and side effects by passes the usual surgical procedures and improves patient compliance.