Study Of Exposure To Carbonaceous And Particulate Matter In Rural And Urban Environment Of Chhattisgarh

Abstract

This study was carried out in Durg District of Chhattisgarh, PM2.5 samples were collected newlineat three rural areas, urban area and traffic area during winter (November 2014- February newline2015) and summer (March 2015 - June 2015) seasons in 2014 2015 and characterized newlinefor carbonaceous matter. A total of 210 samples were collected during entire period. In newlinewinter Rural area n=24, Urban area n=68 and traffic zone n=15 and summer Rural area n=21, newlineUrban area n=67 and traffic zone n=15. Low volume MiniVol TM (Ver. 4.2, Model, Air newlineMatrices, Springfield, OR) portable air samplers were used at an average flow rate of 5 newlineL.min-1 to collected PM2.5 samples. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 was found newlinehighest at Chandkhuri (CH) which was 14.6% and 16.5% higher than Achhoti (AC) and newlineAnjora (AN) in winter and 12.8% and 35.2 % higher than Achhoti (AC) and Anjora (AN) newlinein summer respectively. Highest mass concentration of OC was observed in Anjora in both newlineseason (winter 25%, Summer 20%) due to more biomass burning in rural houses. Highest newlinemass concentration of EC was observed in Chandkhuri (6.7%) in winter and in Anjora newline(2.7%) in summer due to heavy traffic load and massive coal burning. The higher OC/EC newlineratio indicated the formation of Secondary Organic Carbon (SOC), which were emitted newlinefrom various primary sources. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 in Urban area has shown newlinefollowing trend in summer and winter: roadside houses gt industrial zone houses gt newlineresidential colony houses. It is observed that mass concentrations of PM2.5 higher than the newlineannual standard stipulated by CPCB called National Ambient Air Quality Standard newline(NAAQS) for fine (40 and#956;g m-3) and by the United State Environmental Protection Agency newline(USEPA) (PM2.5 = 15 and#956;g m-3). The mass concentration of OC has shown trend in summer: newlineii newlineindustrial zone houses (32.61%) gt residential colony houses (32.43%) gt roadside houses newline(31.6%). The mass concentration of OC trend obtained in winter was: industrial zone newlinehouses (34.43%) gt residential colony houses (34.19%) gt roadside houses (31.6%).