Studies on improvement of quality in pon through optimized network planning

Abstract

Broadband communication offers premier class internet services. A large volume of data transfer takes place through it. There is an enormous increase in number of broadband service users worldwide. Electrical cabling and fiber cables are utilized for carrying the broadband signals. The information carrying capacity, i.e. andwidth of fiber cables is much higher when compared to copper cables. In the fiber, the signal can be carried to a longer distance without amplification. The power loss and interference in optical fibers are also low. Fibers are thin, flexible and of light weight when compared to metal cables. Moreover digital transmission is easier in optical cables than in copper cables. Due to these advantages, fibers are replacing copper cables in wired networks. There are two major kinds of optical networks employed in broad band communication for communicating the data to the intended user. They are Active Optical Networks (AON) and Passive Optical Networks (PON). Implementation of PON technology eliminates the need for repeaters and optical amplifiers and therefore reduces the primary cost, power consumption, space and makes the system more reliable. A PON network consists of Optical Line Terminal (OLT), Optical Network Units (ONUs) and Optical Splitters. Optical communication between the OLT and different ONUs is carried out through optical splitters. When the communication is from the ONUs to the OLT, these splitters act as multiplexers. When the communication is from the OLT to the ONUs, these splitters act as demultiplexers and send the corresponding signal to the intended user. newline