Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyol modified natural oil polyurethane and cardanol based dyes

Abstract

Because of mounting pressure on reduction of consumption of petroleum and newlinepetrochemical products, the use of natural renewable resources to substitute petroleum newlinederivatives has gained tremendous momentum in the last few years. Much attention is newlinenow being paid to the synthesis of polymers from natural renewable resources as newlinealternatives to conventional petrochemicals all over the world. Further, awareness of the newlinewaste management and the impact of the waste on the eco-system have engineered new newlineinterests in the field of biopolymers derived from agricultural by-products. In the present newlinestudy, the Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) a by-product of cashew industries has been newlineutilized as a potential source of low cost biomonomer (cardanol) having an unsaturated newlinealiphatic side chain and a phenolic group in the benzene ring. Castor oil, a commercially newlineimportant low cost natural polyol, has been modified and used as polyol modified castor newlineoil, a biomonomer, for the present investigation. newlineAn exhaustive review of the literature related to the present work has been newlinepresented. The objective of the present work has been outlined. newlineThe experimental part includes the extraction of pure cardanol from Cashew Nut newlineShell Liquid, synthesis of cardanol based dye monomer (CD) using cardanol and newlinesubstituted amino compounds, synthesis of glycerol modified castor oil (PC), synthesis newlineof polyurethanes (PUs) from polyol modified castor oil by reacting it with Diphenyl newlineMethane Diisocyanate (DPMDI) and Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) separately and finally, newlinesynthesis of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) by reaction of cardanol based newlinedyes with natural oil based polyurethanes with different NCO / OH molar ratios and newlinePU/CD weight ratios. newlineThe FTIR spectral studies of various IPNs have been carried out where important newlinefunctional groups present in the IPNs have been identified and the structure of the repeat newlineunits has been established. newline