Removal of dyes by using the synthetic waste water

Abstract

Along with other waste, the textile industry is the foremost source of dye wastewater discharge. The conventional techniques such as coagulation, adsorption, flocculation, ultrafiltration, and so on do not provide a sustainable solution because pollutants are simply relocated in to the sludge from the wastewater, due to that the disposal problem arise. For handling these problems, Phytoremediation is widely regarded as the most effective treatment for wastewater remediation. The phytoremediation capacity of various ornamental plants is investigated in this study to remove dyes from synthetic wastewater. Ornamental plants Trachyspermum ammi (T. ammi), Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi (B. fedtschenkoi), Tagetes erecta (T. erecta), Chrysanthemum indicum (C. indicum), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (H. rosa- sinensis), Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) were chosen and examined for the decolorization of azo dyes such as the Congo red and a triarylmethane dye such as Methylene blue dye solution. The % decolorization is determined by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The effects of several operational factors such as initial dye concentration, contact time, pH, effect of repeated cycles and were investigated to identify the optimized conditions needed for examining the capacity of ornamental plants under the phytoremediation technology. Due to the high % decolorization of Methylene blue and Congo red dyes, the kinetic analysis of the T. ammi and B. fedtschenkoi and H. rosa-sinesis was determined. Furthermore, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, High performance liquid chromatography and Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy have all been used to characterize plants both before and after decolorization experiments. The hypothetical mechanism of phytoremediation used by plants has also proposed based on the results of various techniques and a literature review. newlineKeywords: Phytoremediation, Synthetic wastewater, Adsorbance, Equilibrium studies. newline