Non Invasive Glucose Detection in Diverse Biological Fluids Using Egfet Configuration with Metal Organic Framework Modified Electrodes

Abstract

Glucose is a vital metabolic component necessary for energy production in the newlinehuman body. An imbalance in glucose levels can result in hyperglycaemia or newlinehypoglycaemia, both of which are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and have newlinedetrimental effects on human health. So, developing a non-invasive glucose sensor with a newlineminiaturization size, low cost and less intricated instrument is necessary. To aid this newlineresolution, we have modified metal organic frameworks with different strategies and used newlineas a catalyst to detect glucose in an extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) newlineconfiguration to diagnose diabetes mellitus. newlineIn the first working chapter, we incorporated pyrene phosphonic acid into NiMOF newline(NiOM-MOF) and examined its effect on the catalytic activity of detecting glucose. The NiOMMOF newlinehave a flower-like morphology, where non-uniform flakes coming together uniformly newlineto form a morphology resembling a flower. The prepared NiOM-MOF/CP electrode effectively newlineshows a linear range from 20 and#61549;M to 180 and#61549;M for glucose in 1X PBS. It exhibits a response newlinetime (Rt) of less than 5 seconds, a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.73 and#956;M, and a limit of newlinequantification (LOQ) of 8.27 and#956;M. A selectivity study demonstrated the selective nature of newlinethe NiOM-MOF/CP in the presence of common interfering molecules such as sucrose, fructose, newlinemaltose, uric acid, and ascorbic acid. Interestingly, NiOM-MOF/CP follows Michaelis-Menten newlinekinetics, with a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) value of 0.07 mM. In order understand the newlinecharge transfer mechanism between adsorbed glucose and prepared electrode, scanning newlineKelvin probe (SKP) has been utilized. The results demonstrated that work function decreases newlinewith glucose concentration. Finally, testing the prepared electrode with real saliva samples newlineshowed good recovery. Overall, the NiOM-MOF/CP is capable of detecting glucose in saliva newline