Antimicrobial efficacy of neem extract Azadirachta indica as intracanal medicament a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Infected root canals of teeth with chronic periapical lesions have a mixed endodontic newlinemicrobiota with predominance of strict anaerobic microorganisms, and the reduction newlineor eradication of the bacterial infection in these teeth seems to be the most relevant newlinefactor for the success of endodontic therapy. However, it has been demonstrated newlinethat complete elimination of microorganisms from the root canal system is not newlineachieved with biomechanical preparation alone. Therefore, intracanal medications newlineare used to act against pathogens that resist after biomechanical preparation of the newlinemain canals and especially those lodged inside dentinal tubules, secondary canals newlineand accessory canals newlineAim newlineThe aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of neem leaf newlineextract (Azadirachta indica) and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament in infected root newlinecanals. newlineMaterials and Methods newlineA total of 22 patients who were diagnosed with necrotic pulp were included in this newlinerandomized clinical trial. These patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In newlinegroup A (n=11) neem leaf extract medicament (Azadirachta indica) was given and newlinethe patients in group B (n= 11) was given calcium hydroxide medicament. The newline7 of 138 newlineantibacterial efficacy was evaluated by culture method (colony forming units) by newlinetaking samples before instrumentation (S1), after instrumentation, before newlinemedicament placement (S2) and 1 week after medicament placement (S3). All the newlinedata was collected and statistically analyzed. newlineResults newlineBoth the medicaments (Neem leaf extract medicament and Calcium hydroxide newlinemedicament) showed significant antibacterial efficacy by reduction of number of newlinecolony forming units. But Neem leaf extract medicament showed significant newlinereduction in the number of colony forming units when compared to calcium hydroxide newlinemedicament. newlineConclusion newlineThe use of neem leaf extract medicament resulted in better antibacterial efficacy newlinewhen compared to calcium hydroxide medicament. newline newline