Forest landscape transformation in Chamba district Himachal Pradesh

Abstract

This research investigates forest landscape transformation in Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, with a holistic, interdisciplinary approach integrating ecological, geographical, and socio-economic perspectives. Forests are analyzed as dynamic, socio-ecological systems influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors. Employing spatial analysis, GIS, and remote sensing, the study maps forest cover changes, biodiversity, and landscape fragmentation from 1991 to 2021, revealing significant declines in very dense forests and increases in open forests and barren lands. It identifies key drivers of transformation, such as climate change, urbanization, grazing, and policy impacts. Chamba, with its ecological diversity and socio-economic complexities, serves as a critical case study to understand forest dynamics in mountainous regions. The research integrates participatory approaches, highlighting the role of local communities, traditional knowledge, and policy frameworks in sustainable forest management. Stratified sampling and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method help identify potential forest development areas, emphasizing site-specific strategies. The study underscores the challenges posed by climate change, resource exploitation, and governance issues, calling for integrated management that balances conservation with livelihoods. Recommendations include species-specific conservation, adaptive management strategies for climate resilience, and participatory governance. By providing a nuanced understanding of forest dynamics and sustainable management practices, this research informs policy, conservation strategies, and socio-economic development. It bridges gaps between ecological integrity and human well-being, offering a model for addressing the intricate challenges of forest landscape transformation in the Himalayas and similar ecosystems. newline