Physico chemical and Microbial Studies of Groundwater of Sanganer Tehsil Jaipur Rajasthan and Comparison with Other Regions

Abstract

India suffers from deteriorating quality of ground water. Groundwater is one of the most precious natural resources in Rajasthan being the only source of drinking water for the majority of population. Scarcity clubbed with groundwater contamination is a major area of concern in the recent years. Focusing on it, an attempt has been made to undertake a study in such affected area. This study conducts a holistic assessment of quality of groundwater resource in Sanganer tehsil and to go for comparisons with other regions by using multivariate and spatial techniques. Potable and irrigation water quality assessment has been conducted by using physico-chemical and microbial analysis, statistical analysis, data mining techniques and AquaChem software for detecting spatial similarity among sampling sites. Lastly GIS technique has also been used to conduct water quality index (WQI). The cluster analysis distinguishes three main spatial clusters but all three clusters have values exceeding the guidelines of World Health organization (WHO) in different levels for each cluster. newline newlineThe management of groundwater quality is a major environmental challenge. Monitoring different sources of pollutant load contribution to the groundwater is quite a difficult, laborious and expensive process which sometimes leads to analytical errors also. Therefore, one of the objectives of the present study was to develop a model to assess and predict the water quality changes of the Sanganer tehsil, Jaipur district, Rajasthan, India, using GIS techniques and to compare the results through the statistical methods with other regions. Hydro-geochemistry of groundwater in Sanganer tehsil was also used to assess the quality of newlinegroundwater for determining its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. The cations newline2- - - 2- - newline newlinesuch as Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and anions like HCO3-, CO3 newline newline, F , Cl , SO4 newline newlineand NO3 newline newlinewere newline newline newlineanalyze