Measurement and Analysis of Performance Characteristics of Acoustic Material for Maximum Insertion Loss of Acoustic Enclosure

Abstract

This research addresses the critical issue of noise pollution, which adversely affects human health and workplace productivity. The study focuses on developing advanced noise control solutions by examining the acoustic properties of open-pore polyurethane foam and perforated panels. Noise pollution remains a pervasive challenge; hence, the investigation centres on two materials known for their distinct sound absorption capabilities. Polyurethane foam converts sound energy into heat via viscous and thermal losses, while perforated panels reduce noise through resonant effects. newlineThe objective is to enhance the acoustic performance of a multilayered structure by combining these materials to achieve effective noise reduction across a broad frequency range from 100 to 4000 Hz. The methodology involves a detailed analysis of different configurations of the materials using the Box Behnken design approach. Fifteen unique setups of perforated panels, produced with a Markforged 3D printer using onyx material, are tested. The study utilises Finite Element Analysis via COMSOL Multiphysics alongside impedance tube tests conforming to ISO 10534-2 standards to assess sound absorption properties. The alignment between experimental outcomes and FEA simulations confirms the accuracy of the computational models and underscores the importance of geometric optimisation in acoustic design. newlineResults show that panels featuring tapered holes with a front-side diameter of 5 mm and a back-side diameter of 2.5 mm significantly enhance acoustic performance in lower to mid-frequency ranges, achieving a notable noise reduction coefficient of 0.462. The most effective configuration, featuring tapered holes, demonstrates a 7.01 % reduction in noise compared to baseline levels. Integrating these panels with polyurethane foam shows a substantial insertion loss of 15.61 dB(A) in a generator set application, illustrating enhanced noise-dampening capabilities. newlineThis study advances the field of environmental acoustics by providing a detailed framework for effective noise reduction strategies. It underscores the importance of material and design optimisation, mainly through 3D printing and tailored perforation geometries. The research offers actionable insights for creating optimised acoustic environments, highlighting the strategic integration of material properties and design elements. newline newline newline