Performance enhanced planar antennas for wireless sensor nodes

Abstract

One of the common wireless communications is the Wireless Sensor newlineNetwork (WSN) and its requirements are dramatically growing in various newlinefields. WSN has drawn the interest of many researchers, owing to its difficulty, newlinenecessity, and multifaceted criteria, with inherent trade-offs. The sensor newlinenetwork is a top research area in various fields such as environmental, newlineindustrial, and commercial, because of its dramatic development and newlineapplications. A sensor network is a distributed network that contains discrete, newlinesmall-scale sensor devices for physical and environmental observation. WSN newlinecan be an autonomous, self-deployed, self-configured network without prior newlineknowledge. Several design challenges are involved while installing a sensor newlinenode in a specific environment. The major challenges of the WSN are fault newlinetolerance, scalability, production costs, hardware constraints, network topology newlineand power usage. Therefore, the protocol and system used for network newlineimplementation should comply with all these design issues and preserve the newlineoverall functionality of the sensor network. Typically, the performance of the newlineantenna has a significant impact on the overall performance of the system. The newlineparameters such as antenna size, gain, directivity, radiation pattern and newlinefrequency of operation are essential parameters in modern WSN systems. This newlinehas prompted antenna researchers to design and develop optimised antenna newlinestructures that meet these stringent specifications. Recently, planar antenna newlinetechnology has more advanced for future WSN applications. newline newline