Nanoparticles moderated by flower extract of Calendula officinalis collected from different altitudes of H P Synthesis Characterization and Bioactivities

Abstract

x newlineABSTRACT newlineCalendula officinalis L. is a medicinal plant used extensively in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The present investigation was carried out to study the variations in content of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles synthesised from flower extract of C. officinalis collected from different altitudes. During the present investigation nanoparticles were synthesized biologically and tested for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties using standard methods. Samples varying with altitudes were subjected to qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals by using various spectrophotometric techniques. The result revealed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, protein, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids and saponins were present in all the samples however, variation in quantity of phytochemicals has been reported. newlineNanoparticles i.e. Silver, gold, zinc oxide, AgZnO and AuZnO nanoparticles were synthesised from flower extract of C. officinalis. UV spectroscopy revealed absorption peaks for Silver nanoparticles at 430nm, 409 nm, and 422 nm for samples of District Shimla, Mandi and Kangra respectively. For gold nanoparticles absorption peak was reported at 525 nm, 532 nm and 525 nm for samples of District Shimla, Mandi and Kangra and for Zinc oxide, AgZnO and AuZnO absorption peak was at 360 nm, 452 nm, and 565 nm. Further characterisation was done by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD analysis and TEM. In TEM, silver nanoparticle size was 6-9nm for Shimla, 6-16 for Mandi and 14-24 for Kangra. For gold it was 7-9 for Shimla, 9-14 for Mandi and 14-16 for Kangra. For zinc oxide size was 58nm for AgZnO 45-49nm and for AuZnO it was 62-72nm. newlineAntibacterial study was carried out against S. aureus and K. pneumonia. In silver nanoparticles maximum activity was seen in Nanoparticles made from Kangra flower extract i.e.20.83±1.20 against S. aureus. In gold nanoparticles maximum activity was seen in nanoparticles synthesised from flower extract of Kangra i.e.19.85±1.59 against K. pneumonia. In Zinc oxide maximum activity was 23.65±1.59 against K. pneumonia. In AgZnO it was 22.29±1.14 against S. aureus and in AuZnO it was 20.31±1.3 against K. pneumonia. It was also observed that lower range of altitude have shown increased potential of antimicrobial activity. It was also observed that antibacterial activity has been shown to be enhanced by metal doping on nanoparticles. newlineKeywords: Nanoparticles, UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, Antimicrobial activity. newline