Phase transfer catalysis synthesis characterization and kinetic application of phase transfer catalysts in radical polymerization of vinyl monomers

Abstract

Phase transfer catalysis PTC has been widely used tool in newlinepolymer synthesis because it offers important technical advantages compared newlineto other polymeric synthetic methods The catalyst in this technique normally newlinequaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts forms the complex with the newlineinitiator and carries it from the aqueous phase to the organic phase where the newlinereaction with the substrate takes place The phase transfer catalyst assisted newlinefree radical polymerization using water soluble initiators has become popular newlinein recent years in contrast to the other polymerization techniques using newlineorganicsoluble initiators newline newline