Spectral and Functional Influence of Fertilizers and Bio inoculants On Morpho Phenological Yield attributes and Quality of Guava

Abstract

newlineThe present investigation entitled Spectral and Functional Influence of Fertilizers and Bio-inoculants On Morpho-Phenological, Yield-attributes and Quality of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49 on twelve-year-old guava plants was carried out during the year 2022-2024 at Fruit Research Station Imaliya, Department of Horticulture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications in each treatment.The results showed that different levels of nutrients and bioinoculants individually and in combinations. The maximum percentage increases in plant height(12.98%), canopy spreadE-W (15.94%), N-S (16.41%) and stem girth(11.78%)was obtained with treatment T10 (100%RDF + Bactobooster 200 ml).The treatment having combination of nutrients and bioinoculants T9 (100% RDF + Biofertisol200ml) showed early date of first flowering (9th August 2022 to 17th August 2022) during the year 2022-23 and between 13th August 2023 to 21th August 2023 during the year 2023-24. Regarding 50% flowering hastaken less days (14.28 days) followed by T14 (75% RDF + Biofertisol200ml) with14.44 days. The maximum floral buds (14.69) per shoot and flowers (14.65) per shoot. Minimum days for first fruit set (11.07days)and50% fruit set (25.47days).It is also observed that early fruit maturity(125.33days) andminimum specific gravity of fruits (1.025). The maximum chlorophyll content index (32.87)andleaf area index (4.74)the maximum PAR on Upper canopy (1513.17) andLower canopy (342.15).Regarding Spectral Indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), the maximum NDVI (0.72)was observed in T9 (100% RDF + Biofertisol200ml). followed by in treatment T14 (75%RDF + Biofertisol200ml).Whereas,minimum NDVI (0.53) was recorded in control. newlineYield attributesand Quality parameters the maximum fruit set (72.66%), maximum fruit retention(71.33%), Number of Fruits shoot-1 East (14.27)and West(7.29), North (10.01)and South(11.75), maximum number of fruits(107.03) plant-1, maximumyield (26.37kg)andyield (29.30tons), themaximumTSS (12.33OB) andminimum acidity (0.36%), maximum ascorbic acid(217.29 mg/100g), Total Sugar (7.90%), reducing sugar (4.77%) andnon-reducing sugar (3.15%) was observed in treatment combinations T9 (100%RDF + Biofertisol200ml).Maximum fruit length (7.30 cm), fruit width (7.47 cm),fruit weight (246.36 g) and fruit volume (240.20ml),pulp weight 241.26 (g),pulp percentage (98.19%) and number of seeds fruit-1(270.17). The economics of among various treatment, T9(100%RDF + Biofertisol 200ml) showed the maximum gross monetary return (Rs 8,79,000) and Net monetary return (Rs 6,48,191), followed by T14 (75%RDF + Biofertisol 200ml) with Gross monetary return (Rs 8,63,356) and Net monetary return (Rs 6,43,567). Regarding B:C ratio, it was found maximum in control (5.46:1) and minimum (3.63:1) in T5(Bactobooster,200ml). newlineThe post-harvest soil properties like Soil pH, Electrical conductivity did not differ significantly due to different levels of nutrients and bioinoculants and its interaction. Maximum soil pH (7.47) was recoded under control (N1), maximum electrical conductivity (0.294 dSm-1) was recorded with treatment N2(100%RDF). However, maximum soil pH (7.44) and EC (0.276 dSm-1) was noted under control. The maximum organic carbon (5.09 g kg-1) followed by T8 (100% RDF + Bactobooster 100ml) having 5.06 g kg-1 organic carbon and minimum (4.79 g kg-1) under T4 (Biofertisol 200ml). The maximum available nitrogen (228.75 kg), phosphorus (12.81 kg) and potassium (255.58 kg) were recorded with treatment N2 (100%RDF). Regadingbioinoculants, the maximum available nitrogen (217.72 kg) was recorded with B3 (Bactobooster 100 ml). In contrast to this, the maximum available phosphorus (11.95 kg) and available potassium (253.51 kg) in soil was noted under B1 (without bioinoculants). Further the maximum value of available nitrogen (233.52 kg) was obtained under application of treatment combination T6 (100%RDF). Whereas, minimum available nitrogen (202.18 kg) was observed in B2 (Biofertisol 100ml). The available phosphorus and potassium did not differ significantly with different treatment combination. newline newline newline