Exploring the Impact of the Body Mass Index BMI on Sperm Parameters Reproductive Hormone Levels and Sperm DNA Integrity Among Men Attending Infertility Clinic

Abstract

Obesity and altered body mass index (BMI) have emerged as critical factors newlineinfluencing male reproductive health. This study investigates the impact of newlineBMI on sperm parameters, reproductive hormone levels, and sperm DNA newlineintegrity in men seeking fertility evaluation. newline A total of 120 men attending University infertility clinic were categorized into newlinenormal weight, overweight, and obese groups based on BMI classifications. newlineComprehensive semen analysis was conducted to assess sperm concentration, newlinemotility, and morphology, alongside hormonal profiling for testosterone, newlinefollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol newlinelevels. Sperm DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the sperm chromatin newlinedispersion assay (SCDA). newlineThe results revealed a significant negative correlation between increased BMI newlineand key sperm parameters, including reduced concentration, motility, and newlinenormal morphology (p lt 0.05). Hormonal analysis demonstrated lower newlinetestosterone and higher estradiol levels among overweight and obese newlineparticipants, suggesting a disrupted hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. newlineFurthermore, sperm DNA fragmentation rates were markedly elevated in men newlinewith higher BMI, indicating compromised sperm genomic integrity. newlineThese findings highlight the multifaceted role of BMI in male infertility, newlineencompassing impaired spermatogenesis, hormonal dysregulation, and elevated newlineDNA damage factors collectively diminishing reproductive potential. newline The study found significant differences in sperm concentration, volume, and newlineprogressive motility between non-obese and obese males, as well as between newlinemen with and without abdominal obesity. However, obese males had newlinesignificantly lower normal sperm morphology compared to non-obese males, newlineindicating a potential negative impact of obesity on sperm quality. newlineThe study underscores the importance of weight management and lifestyle newlineinterventions in optimizing male fertility outcomes. Future research should newlineexplore the reversibility of these effects through