Analysis of Creep in a Variable Thickness Rotating Disc Made of Functionally Graded Composite

Abstract

A system is concurrent if it includes a number of execution flows that can progress simultaneously and interact with each other. In this era of technology, the concurrent systems are common in various application domains, viz. segregation of input-output processing from the back-end computation using multithreaded paradigm, client-server communication model having client-side and server-side computations, coordination among a large number of computing nodes in peer-to-peer services, etc. Synchronized implementation of the multiple execution flows in the concurrent software systems leads to new problems and introduces new design and verification challenges. This research work is a modest attempt to investigate in the domain of testing concurrent programs by classifying it into eight categories, viz. (i) reachability testing, (ii) structural testing, (iii) model-based testing, (iv) mutation-based testing, (v) slicing-based testing, (vi) formal method-based testing, (vii) random testing, and (viii) search-based testing. The following data/findings have been synthesized from the various research articles to form the basis of this work: (1) the approaches for testing concurrent programs; (2) the parameters for classifying various approaches into different categories; (3) the algorithms/techniques proposed or available under a particular approach for testing concurrent program; (4) the graphical representations used under a particular technique; (5) the test tools, prototypes and APIs proposed or available in this area; and (6) the subject systems or user programs used for testing concurrent programs. The present study further investigates the problems of generating test scenarios from UML activity diagram using two bio-inspired algorithms, viz. amoeboid algorithm, and orientation-based ant colony algorithm. The first approach, based on the application of amoeboid organism algorithm, motivates to find out scenarios for concurrent section in an activity diagram. A similarity lies between the tubular veins like structure