Agro Socio Economic Dimensions of Solid Waste Management in Karnataka An Economic Analysis

Abstract

The present study attempted to analyze the pattern of generation, collection, storage, newlinetransportation, disposal of municipal solid waste and impact of open dumping of solid waste newlineon human health among households residing near dumping yards in Hubballi-Dharwad newlineMunicipal Corporation (HDMC) and Bruhath Bengaluru Mahanagara Palika (BBMP). The newlinesecondary data on all aspects of solid waste was collected from selected Municipal newlineCorporations from 2001-02 to 2016-17 and the primary data was obtained from 270 sample newlinerespondents through multistage random sampling. newlineThe municipal solid waste generated in the twin cities was 400 t/day of which, 360 t newlinewas collected (90.00 %) while, in Bengaluru it was about 4,500 t/day of which 4,000 t of newlinewaste was collected (88.89 %). Nearly 62.00 to 65.00 per cent of solid waste generated was newlinebiodegradable. Among the family type, joint families have generated more solid waste (1.66 newlineand 1.70 kg/households/day in Hubballi-Dharwad and Bengaluru, respectively) as compared newlineto nuclear families. Out of the total solid waste generated in Hubballi-Dharwad, about 390 t of newlinewaste was dumped in two open dumping yards while, only 10 t (2.5 %) was processed newlinethrough vermicomposting whereas in Bengaluru, about 3,200 t of solid waste per day was newlinelandfilled in three sites and only 1,000 t (22.22 %) and 300 t (6.67 %) was processed using newlinevermicompost and biomethanation process. The recycling of bio-degradable solid waste into newlinevermicompost has high scope and was found to be financially feasible as implied by high IRR newline(26.12 % in Hubballi-Dharwad to 32.34 % in Bengaluru) and B:C ratio ( 1.50 and 2.04, newlinerespectively) with a recovery period of just two years. The major health problems among newlinerespondents residing near dumping yards were asthma, nose irritation and respiratory newlineproblems in adults and in case of children, frequent omitting, fever and malaria. Therefore, newlineinfrastructure needs to be built to recycle and dump the remaining waste in the sanitary newlinelandfill that are not suitable either for recycling and biological