Microstructural conductivity of CaTi1 xFex O3 derived perovskites for the applications in energy conversion and storage

Abstract

Recent technological advances in power generation and electric newlinevehicle transportation have seen a boom in the energy conversion and storage newlinesector. The demand for the distribution of electric power to commercial and newlinemobilization sectors is increasing because of population growth. In order to newlinemeet the clean and sustainable energy systems, renewable energy sources are newlinesynergistically adjusted to zero emissions through environmental newlineconsiderations. Renewable energy sources including wind power, solar newlineenergy, wave energy, geothermal energy, hydropower, and biowaste energy newlinehave been used worldwide for decades. All renewable energy systems, newlinedepending on their availability and economic needs, limit commercialization newlineto the larger market. Recently, the fuel cell has been observed as one of the newlinelargest markets next to solar energy harvesting because they are known to be newlinenon-polluting and reduce the greenhouse effect. newlineThe bulk and nanocrystalline perovskite complex oxides like newlineR1and#61485;xAxBO3and#61485;and#61540;, Aand#61602;A1and#61485;xBxO3and#61485;and#61540;, and A(Band#61602;Band#61618;)O3 (where R = trivalent rare earth newlineelements, A = divalent alkaline earth elements, and B = transition metals) newlineshow different types of physicochemical, electrical and magnetic anomalies. newlineThe uses of CaTiO3 (CT) perovskite based titanates have been investigated newlinewidely due to its chemical and thermo-mechanical nature, cost-effective newlineprecursor route, etc. Therefore, CT is an attractive base material for various newlineindustrial applications, such as electronic packaging, catalysts, high newlinetemperature electrochemical devices, water splitting tests (H2 production) and newlineso on. newline