Synthesis and Characterization of Chalcogenide Nanocomposites for Energy Materials

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable energy solutions has accelerated research into advanced materials with superior electronic, optical, and electrochemical properties. This thesis focuses on the synthesis and characterization of chalcogenide nanocomposites for energy materials, newlineparticularly in solar cells and supercapacitors. Chalcogenide nanocomposites, owing to their tunable band gaps, high surface areas, and excellent electrochemical stability, are promising candidates for energy conversion and storage technologies. newlineThe research begins with a comprehensive review of energy materials and synthesis newlinetechniques, including hydrothermal and microwave-assisted methods. A detailed newlineinvestigation of ZnS nanomaterials reveals their potential for photovoltaic applications due to their reduced band gap (~2 eV), enhancing light absorption and charge transport. The development of ZnS/ZnO nanocomposites further improves device performance by leveraging the synergistic properties of both materials. newlineFor supercapacitor applications, cadmium deuterium chloride (CdDCl) and carbon-based newlinecore-shell nanocomposites are explored. Electrochemical studies demonstrate their high specific capacitance, excellent charge retention, and stability across multiple cycles. newlineAdvanced characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, TEM, PL, BET, FTIR, and newlineelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy provide critical insights into the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of these materials. newlineThe findings highlight the potential of chalcogenide nanocomposites in enhancing energy device efficiency and stability. Future work will focus on optimizing synthesis strategies and newlineexploring novel compositions for large-scale applications. This research contributes to the advancement of energy materials, addressing global challenges in energy sustainability. newline