Restorative effect of Withania somnifera on nandrolone decanoate induced kidney liver and brain damage in rats

Abstract

AAS causes serious side effects when in use and abuse. Hence newlinethere is a growing interest and need to search for a nontoxic and protective newlineformulations from medicinal plants to treat AAS induced toxicity. Toxic effects newlineof AAS can be reversed and ameliorated with supplementation of antioxidant newlinerich herbal medicines. In Ayurveda, nutrient based neuroprotective plant newlineextracts are used to treat neuro degenerative disorders. However, reports newlinefrom such plant extracts are minimal which reverse or lower the complications newlineassociated with anabolic androgenic steroid induced toxicity. Hence the newlinepresent study was carried out to ascertain if water emulsion of Withania newlinesomnifera (WS) root powder could exert neuroprotective action against AAS newlineinduced toxicity in rat model through biochemical, histological, brain newlinecholinergic activity, gene expression and cognitive assessment studies.The present work, generated concrete evidence to support the brain newlineprotective functions of water emulsion of WS root powder through behavioral newlinestudy (EPM), brain histopathology, striatal AChE levels, and ND associated newlinegene (prodynorphin mRNA) expression assessment in hippocampus region. newlineThe study findings also provide new insights into the neuromodulatory functions of WS through assessment of neurotransmitter (AChE) levels in newlinestriatal region. The histopathological results (HandE stain) provide plausible newlineevidence to support the ability of WS drug to restore those degenerative newlinechanges in parietal and hippocampus regions which could be through newlineinhibition of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Taken together the newlineresearch findings indicate that water emulsion of WS root powder has newlineconsiderable protective effect against ND induced complications through newlineevaluation of serum biochemical alterations. Results of present study newlineconcluded the beneficial effects of water emulsion of WS root powder against newlineND induced complications in experimental model. newline