An analysis of security relations between India and Nepal in the 21st century

Abstract

South Asian nations of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan are ethnically diverse, ranging from more than 2,000 ethnic entities to small tribal groups and has been invaded and settled by many ethnic groups over the centuries, amalgamating Dravidian, Indo-Aryan and native societies, producing composite cultures with many common traditions and beliefs. Almost all these countries were under direct or indirect European Colonial subjugation at some stage of their history. newlineIndia is the dominant nation both because of its geographical size or economic wealth and its significant historical heritage. Nepal is strategically located and has acted as an important bridge linking two ancient civilizations of the Asian continent, China in the North and India in the South. Our relations have remained responsive to changing dynamics of strategic environment, however, there are a number of bilateral obstacles between both countries, all of which are related to politics and security, which we must address and resolve speedily. Nepal lies in the southern lap of the Himalayas, and shares borders with two huge states of Asia. newlineThis geopolitical reality has to be taken into account, especially since China s role in Nepal has expanded exponentially over the last two decades. To counter China s reach in Nepal, India has to act speedily and steadily to improve its weak overland infrastructure in the Himalayas. India need to improve its diplomacy vis-à-vis Nepal and show greater benevolence toward it. Nepal and India will gain if they establish bridges of opportunities rather than mistrusting each other. newline newline