Molecular mechanisms of novel microRNAs in cellular processes of non small cell lung carcinoma

Abstract

Around the globe cancer incidence rate has increased over past 10 years and it has become the newlinesecond main cause of death after cardiovascular diseases (GDB et al., 2015). Cancer associated newlinedeath are more prevalent in low income countries with limited access to cancer preventive newlinemeasures, early cancer diagnostic tests and treatment as opposed to high income countries newline(Horton S et al., 2015; Lowy DR et al., 2016). According to the Global Burden of Disease study newline(2015), lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in males and second leading newlinecause of deaths in females (GDB et al., 2015). Over 50% cases diagnosed with lung carcinoma newlinedoes not survive for more than one year and the 5-year survival rate is below 20% (National newlineCancer Institute, SEER, 2011). Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common newline newlinetype and accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancers. It is further classified as squamous- newlinecell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC), and large-cell carcinoma (LCC). AC (40%) is newline newlinethe most common sub-type followed by SCC (25-30%) and LCC (5-10%) (Sher T et al., 2008; newlineZappa et al., 2016). AC and SCC constitute more than two-third of all lung malignancies and newlinethus represent an area most in need of research. newline