Investigation Of Structural Dielectric And Electrical Properties Of Rare Earth Doped Bczt Ceramics

Abstract

The following samples have been synthesized in the current work which comprises of three series of materials: newlinei. (Ba0.85Ca0.15)1-xLa2x/3(Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) ceramics with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1. The acronym for the given series is (BCZT-xLa). ii. (Ba0.85Ca0.15)1-x Gd2x/3(Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) ceramics with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1. The acronym for the given series is (BCZT-xGd). iii. (Ba0.85Ca0.15)1-x Nd2x/3(Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) ceramics with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1. The acronym for the given series is (BCZT-xNd). We have investigated the structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and electrical properties. Utilizing POWD software, crystal formation is verified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, indicating a tetragonal crystal structure. The scanning electron micrographs are obtained at various magnifications which demonstrate the materials distribution of grains, grain boundaries and pores. The electrical characterization of the samples was performed over a wide temperature range (25 500and#8451;) and 1 kHz 1MHz frequency. The value of phase transition temperature significantly reduces with the increment in rare earth concentration in the BCZT system in all of the compounds in the current research. Calculations of diffusivity indicate that the phase transition for all samples is diffused. The polarization study of the studied compounds confirms the ferroelectricity in the materials. Complex Impedance Spectroscopy (CIS) was used to investigate complex impedance formalism, complex formalism of electrical modules, relaxation process and study of conductivity of the materials under investigation. Impedance data were analyzed over a range of temperatures (25 500and#8451;) and 1 kHz 1MHz frequencies. Complex impedance spectroscopic (CIS) studies have shown that the influence of grain governed whereas the influence of grain boundary and electrode interface was lacking for all materials investigated. Negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior is demonstrated by all the compounds at