Hydrodeoxygenation of lignin derived trans anethole to sustainable aviation turbine fuel over ni ru and hpw catalysts supported on sba 15 and zr sba 15

Abstract

Due to the depletion of non-renewable energy sources including coal, oil, and natural gas, interest in renewable fuels and chemicals has grown significantly in recent decades. Moreover, the pace of consumption rises dramatically, producing net CO2 emissions that fuel global warming. We must convert from non-renewable to renewable energy sources in order to meet this energy demand and environmental concerns. Because of their sustainability and zero carbon emissions, biofuels derived from biomass are emerging as a viable substitute for non-renewable resources. Chemically known as lignocelluloses, woody biomass is regarded as a significant source of renewable feedstock for chemicals and fuels. Lignin is one of the primary components of lignocellulose. A three-dimensional naturally occurring polymer with a greater oxygen content, lignin is unsuitable for direct use as fuel for vehicles. Thus, it is important to remove oxygen from lignin bio-oil in order to improve liquid transportation fuel. Furthermore, the majority of the oxygen is eliminated by chemical, biological, and thermal processes. The chemical route has the ability to remove oxygen among the other ways. Nonetheless, catalytic hydrodeoxygenation is proven to be effective within the chemical pathways. newline