Development of Protocol for Bio fuel Production from Mango Kernel

Abstract

Proximate analysis of mango seed kernel revealed it to contain moisture crude protein (1.43-6.36%), fats/oil (4.92-13%), crude fiber (0.38-3.95) and total carbohydrate (32.14-80.21%), tannin (23-63 mg/g) and pH (5.5-6.0) depending on variety. Out of twenty-two amylolytic strains screened for amylase production. The strains worked optimally at different pH and temperatures, ranging from 5.5 to 6.0 and 30 °C to 40 °C, respectively at different period of time. The influence of various parameters such as temp. time, volume of solvent and particle size on oil yield from mango kernel was investigated. Maximum oil yield of 15.20% was obtained at 1mm size grinded kernel particles with an extraction time of 90 minutes at 600C using 1:10 substrate solvent ratio. Molecular identification of yeast strains confirmed the purity of culture used.Maximum bio-ethanol production of 9.14 % was obtained. Ethanol concentration gradually increased with increasing the incubation period up to 10 days, and a maximal ethanol production of 9.50% was obtained. Beyond ten days of incubation the ethanol production became constant. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed that alcohol produced contained 98% ethanol. The ethanol produced from mango kernel had density 720.8 kg/m3, flash point 17 °C (63°F), alcohol proof (95%) and viscosity 0.30mPa.s at 30°C. Refractive Index was measure 1.361nD and specific gravities. newlineBio ethanol produced was tested for engine efficiency of two wheeler . Pure petrol blended with 5%, 10, 15 and 20% bio-ethanol and observed emission of green house gas g/Km (CO2 CO, CH4, N2O and HFC) from vehicle and engine efficiency (mileage/ Km) followed by control (pure petrol). Effect of Blending of bio-ethanol in petrol at 5 % to 20% on green house gas emission, revert that latter decreased from 35 g/Km to 8.2 g/Km while the mileage increased from 40 Km/Liter to 40.41 Km/Liter. The results indicate that bio-ethanol produced from mango waste is eco-friendly and reduced pollution has potential to used as bio-fuel. newline