Molecular Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Pink Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophic Bacteria and their Influence on Grapevine Vitis Vinifera

Abstract

Investigations were carried out to study the diversity of native AM fungi and Pink newlinePigmented Facultative Methylotroph (PPFM) from four ecological zones of Northern newlineKarnataka and their growth promoting potentials in grapevine. The highest composition of 23 newlineAMF species was recorded from the Western Ghats. The ITS region of efficient AM fungi was newlineanalysed with data base using BLAST. Based on the results of BLAST the native isolates newlineAMF 60, 528C, 251SP, 135M, 22A and 235A were grouped in the same cluster of Glomus newlinemosseae (DQ 400160). The other two isolates viz., G7 and G3 were found to be closely newlinerelated to Glomus mosseae (DQ 400141) but formed a separate cluster. The Isolate AMF newlineT25, has shown close homology to Glomus geosporum (AF 413088). newlineThe authenticity of PPFM isolates was confirmed by screening for the presence of newlinemxaF gene by amplifying a single fragment of 555 bp in all the native isolates. To understand newlinethe genetic diversity in these isolates, restriction digestion of amplified16S rDNA gene was newlinedone. The sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA has clearly indicated PPFM 365, 120, 61 and newline242 to be very close to M. radiotolerance JCM 2831 (D32227). Further, PPFM G4 isolated newlinefrom the rhizosphere of vineyards showed close homology with M. fujisawwaense (AJ newline250801). PPFM 23 isolate from the saline soils of Northeastern dry zone had very close newlinehomology with M. thiocyanatum (U58018). However, PPFM 117 with MPS activity isolated newlinefrom the Western Ghats emerged in a separate clad. The study has brought out the diversity newlineof AMF and PPFM and their importance in the growth promotional ability in the grapevine. newline