Green extraction of high value compounds from Mangifera Indica peels and their applications as functional food ingredients

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica) of the family Anacardiaceae is an important tropical fruit with worldwide recognition and consumer acceptance. It is extensively popular among a large proportion of population owing to its characteristic flavor, sweet taste, succulence, and attractive color. Moreover, the rich nutritional profile and bioactive potential of the fruit is responsible for its popularity and large-scale consumption. Mango has a rich composition of valuable compounds like dietary fiber, polyphenols, vitamin C, etc. During the industrial processing of mango, 40-60% of the fruit goes wasted in the form of peels and seeds which is simply discarded into the environment. The peels represent 15-20% of the total weight of mango and becomes the source of environmental pollution when disposed of without suitable waste treatment. Mango peels are a rich source of valuable bioactive components like polyphenols, dietary fiber, etc. with antioxidant activity. The extraction of the beneficial compounds from these peels can be a cost-effective strategy to impart value to these by-products as well as gain health benefits. Conventional techniques have been commonly employed for the extraction of high-value compounds like dietary fiber and phenolics from mango peels. However, these processes consume a lot of time, energy, solvents, and are hazardous to environment. The drawbacks of conventional methods can be overcome using green extraction methods (ultrasound assisted extraction and enzyme assisted extraction). The extraction process using green techniques would provide dual benefit in terms of waste management and generation of economy. The application of biorefinery approach enables complete utilization of fruit by-products through extraction of valuable compounds which have potential applications in food, feed, and environmental sectors. The high-value compounds present in by-products of the fruit forms the basis of growing bio-economy, which helps improve industrial competitiveness and prosperity. newline