Study of Epidemiology and Development of Serodiagnosis of Leptospirosis in Union Territory Dadra Nagar Haveli

Abstract

iv newlineABSTRACT newlineThe first aspect of the thesis deals with epidemiological, clinical and newlinepathological parameters of Leptospirosis. The result of the first aspect indicates that the newlineindigenous transmission of Leptospirosis occurs in the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. newlineClinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities were protean; severe complicated newlinedisease with renal and respiratory failure was also observed. The environmental factor, newlinesocio-economic factors, poor sanitation, unawareness about disease and behavioral newlinefactors are contributing factor for persistent incidence of Leptospirosis. The result of newlineaspect suggests that the increased awareness among physicians of protean clinical newlinemanifestations of Leptospirosis, early laboratory diagnosis and awareness in the newlinecommunity will help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. newlineLeptospirosis is a re-emerging, widespread zoonotic disease with a medical and newlineveterinary importance. It s route of transmission is well known but the importance of newlineindividual components and the respective environmental risk factor are still unclear. newlineThe second aspect of study furnished information regarding the presence of Leptospira newlinein different ecological niches of the tribal union territory of India. To determine the newlinepresence of leptospiral DNA from the environmental sources, samples were collected newlinefrom May 2016 to April 2017 using periodical sample collection approach. The DNA newlinedetection of Leptospira by PCR revealed that pathogenic Leptospires were found in newlinesoil, water, and animal urine. Water sample from household drainage in urban areas and newlinefrom the rice field of rural areas were reported to have the highest positivity. The data newlineobtained from the present study may help and guide in developing preventive measures newlinefor Leptospirosis in the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. newlineThe symptoms of Leptospirosis are non-characteristic like as fever, head and newlinemuscle pain and the management of the disease is antibiotic therapy and patient support. newlineBecause of non-characteristic nature of symptoms