Sensitivity Enhancement of a Nanoscale Gaa Mosfet Architecture for Biosensing Application

Abstract

Over the last decades, electronics have evolved from bulky vacuum tubes to lighter, cost- effective solutions such as bipolar transistors. The invention of the first semiconductor transistor by Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley in 1947 and the first IC (Integrated Circuits) by Kilby in 1958, from the last five decades, the growth in the semiconductor industry is revolutionary. The rapid pace of electronic industry in the world gives an immense contribution to modern civilizations. It is predicted that the semiconductor and electronics industry will continue to extend its proportion in the Gross World Product (GWP). By the year 2030, the semiconductor industry may reach 1.6 trillion dollars, while the entire electronic industry may reach 10 trillion dollars and constitutes about 10% of the GWP. The journey from BJT to unipolar newlineFETs and now CMOS technology is based on various reasons, such as power newlineconsumption, low cost, and chip density. The foremost was density, the number of transistors packed on a chip without hampering the operations resulting in the terminology scaling.There are traditional methods to scale for dimensions, but not successful to bring out the aforementioned performance parameters, whereas the tools, processing modules, material studies, etc., also pose a big challenge. These challenges are divided into two categories near term 2015-2022 and long-term 2023-2030. newline newline