Synergistic Effects of Ultrasound and Chemical Enhancer on Transdermal Drug Delivery

Abstract

Transdermal route is becoming a widely accepted route of drug administration because of its ability to apply the drug to the site of action without rupturing the skin membrane. For transdermal products the goal of dosage design is to maximize the flux through the skin in to the systemic circulation and simultaneously minimize the retention and metabolism of the drug in the skin. Matrix type transdermal therapeutic system of MTX could be prepared with the required flux from the patches with enhancer. Although the use of a polymeric membrane for its rate controlling properties. The ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric film affected the mechanical properties, percentage moisture uptake, and rate of drug release and permeation of MTX patches. Addition of penetration enhancer could improve the in vitro drug release and in vitro permeation by increasing the flux of MTX films through rat skin. Further, the study was designed to evaluate synergism effect (Sonophoresis and penetration enhancer) on MTX transdermal patches. In this study conclusively demonstrates the use of Box-Behnken statically design is valid for predicting Q1, Q24 and flux in optimization of transdermal patch of MTX from formulations. Derived polynomial equation counter plots help in predicting the values of selected independent variables for preparation of optimum formulations. The stability studies indicate there are no significant changes in physical property and drug content. According to draize test, The MTX patch has low irritant and no redness effect of skin. Bio-availability, Cmax and MRT of MTX was improved in patches administered with SP-technique. In pharmacodynamic study the MTX patch administered with SP-technique was significantly decreased bone degradation, tissue swelling when compared with MTX patch alone. It concludes that the synergism effect (SP-technique) improved efficacy of MTX patches. The studies have shown promising results; hence there is a scope for further pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic evaluation in human volunteers.